豬的膚色遺傳：桃園種與杜洛克雜交的結果

顏念慈^(1,3), 鄭裕信⁽¹⁾ 戴謙⁽²⁾ 黃木秋⁽³⁾

⁽¹⁾臺灣省畜產試驗所 ⁽²⁾國立成功大學 ⁽³⁾國立中興大學

本試驗的目的是調查桃園種(Taoyuan, T)與杜洛克(Duroc, D)豬隻各種配種型態產生後代之膚色分離情形，並以矯正之卡方測定進行遺傳分離適合度檢定，以瞭解桃園種全黑色膚色的基因與杜洛克全紅色膚色基因有無顯隱性關係。膚色分離調查結果，T♀×D♂及D♀×T♂所產生的F1後代TD及DT仔豬，其膚色皆為全黑色。TD及DT豬隻公母互相交配所產生的F2後代，其膚色為全黑色仔豬有113頭，全紅色有44頭。將TD或DT女豬再配杜洛克公豬所產生的後代TDD及DTD仔豬，其膚色為全黑色及全紅色者，分別為644及676頭。TDD或DTD全黑色豬隻公母互相交配所產生的後代，其膚色分離:全黑色381頭，全紅色143頭。在各種配種型態所產生的後代，有些仔豬小時候在背部有明顯地縱向金斑毛，但至三月齡左右會消失。依據本試驗各種配種型態所產生之含桃園種和杜洛克血統後裔豬隻膚色調查實測值，在不考慮金斑有無的情況下，假設全黑色膚色對全紅色膚色顯性，以矯正的卡方分佈進行遺傳分離適合度測定，所有χ2值皆未達顯著差異，顯示桃園種全黑色膚色的基因與杜洛克全紅色膚色基因有顯隱性關係。

關鍵語:豬、膚色、桃園種、杜洛克。

INHERITANCE OF COAT COLOR IN SWINE: RESULTS
OF TAOYUAN BY DUROC CROSSES

N. T. Yen^(1,3) , Y. S. Cheng⁽¹⁾ , C. Tai⁽²⁾ , M. C. Huang⁽³⁾

⁽¹⁾Taiwan Livestock Research Institution
⁽²⁾ National Cheng Kung University
⁽³⁾ National Chung Hsing University

The purposes of this experiment were to investigate the segregation of coat color in swine at vary mating types between Taoyuan(T) and Duroc(D), and to understand that uniform black coat color of T was weather dominant or not to uniform red color of D, the adjusted Chi-square(χ2 ) test was used to determine the goodness of fit for Mendel's law of segregation. The results were as followings: 1. Coat color in all of F1 generation , TD(T♀×D♂) and DT(D♀×T♂) pigs, were uniform black. 2. In the F2 generation, TD♀×TD♂，TD♀×DT♂，DT♀×TD♂，DT♀×DT♂, contained 113 uniform black color pigs and 44 uniform red color pigs. 3. TD and DT sows, which were mated with Duroc boars, produced a total of 1320 pigs, 644 uniform black color pigs and 676 uniform red color pigs. 4. Pigs of F2 generation with uniform black coat color were intercrossed to produce 381 uniform black and 143 uniform red offspring. 5. At birth some pigs from vary mating types had longitudinal stripes on black coat color, but these stripes disappeared at three months old. So we regarded that the pigs with longitudinal stripes on black coat color as black coat color pigs. 6. We made a hypothesis that uniform black coat color of T was dominant to uniform red color of D. The values of adjustedχ2 test on the goodness of fit for Mendel's law of segregation were not significant (p>0.2). This result indicated that uniform black coat color of T was dominant to uniform red color of D.

Key Words: Swine, Coat color, Taoyuan, Duroc