豬肋骨數基因座定位於第一號染色體短臂上

廖仁寶 張秀鑾 賴永裕 劉錦條 劉振發 吳明哲

行政院農業委員會畜產試驗所

豬的脊椎分為頸椎、胸椎、腰椎、薦椎和尾椎，肋骨對數取決於胸椎數。本研究首先初步調查肉用豬種之肋骨數，發現逢機檢視之121頭肉用豬種之左右側肋骨數型式為14/14、14/15、15/14、15/15、15/16、16/15、16/16、16/17、17/16與17/17者分別佔有14.0、2.5、0.0、46.3、2.5、1.7、30.6、0.8、0.8和1.7%；故左右側肋骨數不等的豬隻佔8.3%（10/121）。因此，試驗係先檢視肉豬屠體的肋骨對數，若為14對肋骨或17對肋骨者，再取其肌肉樣材萃取DNA，共計取得肋骨對數為14對者39頭與肋骨對數為17對者34頭。應用在第1號染色體上的SW373、SW705、SW1515、SW1514和ESR，以及第6號染色體上的Hal-1843和第8號染色體上的OPN等7個遺傳標記，鑑別具14對肋骨數與17對肋骨數者的基因型。經肋骨對數與個別遺傳標記基因型之卡方分析後，結果顯示肋骨對數與第1號染色體短臂上的ESR（P＜0.036）和SW1514（P＜0.023）有顯著的連鎖關係。根據已知的豬基因圖譜，初步推定豬肋骨數基因位於第1號染色體的短臂1p2.4-2.5區。

關鍵語：豬、肋骨數、基因定位。

THE RIB LOCUS MAPPED ON THE CHROMOSOME 1p IN PIG

R. B. Liaw, H. L. Chang, Y. Y. Lai, C. T. Liu, J. F. Liou and M. C. Wu

Taiwan Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture

Vertebrae of pigs consist of cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccygeal vertebra. Number of rib pairs depends on the number of thoracic vertebrae. In the preliminary study, 121 hog carcasses were randomly sampled and examined to count ribs in left and right sides. Percentages of pigs with 14/14, 14/15, 15/14, 15/15, 15/16, 16/15, 16/16, 16/17, 17/16 and 17/17 ribs in left and right side were 14.0, 2.5, 0.0, 46.3, 2.5, 1.7, 30.6, 0.8, 0.8 and 1.7%, respectively. Hence, there were 8.3%(10/121) pigs with an asymmetric number of ribs in left and right sides. In this study, only hogs with 14 or 17 pairs of symmetric number of ribs were muscles sampled and identified for genotypes. Muscle samples for DNA purification were then collected from 39 and 34 heads of carcasses with 14 and 17 pairs of ribs, respectively. SW373, SW705, SW1515, SW1514 and ESR on chromosome 1, Hal-1843 on chromosome 6, and OPN on chromosome 8, were used as genetic markers for genotyping. Chi-square statistics were then used to detect the relationship between the number of rib pairs (named as the rib locus) and alleles of seven marker loci used in this study Results indicated that the rib locus was associated with ESR (P＜0.036) and SW1514 (P＜0.023) markers. According to the linkage map established, the rib locus was then mapped on chromosome 1p2.4-2.5.

Key Words: Swine, Ribs, Gene mapping.