新引進美國盤克夏豬種之屠體性能

賴永裕 張秀鑾 吳明哲 劉錦條

行政院農業委員會畜產試驗所

美國盤克夏豬種於1996年被引種到台灣，進行純種繁殖，產下的第一代豬中，計有30頭公豬和50頭母豬被用來進行屠體分切。公母豬屠體重(含頭、皮、腳、尾及板油)分別為81.6±2.0和82.4±1.7㎏；屠體長(第一肋骨前緣至恥骨前端的直線長)分別為77.8±1.1和80.8±0.9 cm；背脂厚度(剝皮後的第一肋、最後肋和最後腰椎處的背脂厚度平均)分別為2.69±0.07和2.50±0.06 cm；腹脂厚度(剝皮後的胸部肋骨後緣、肚臍和鼠蹊處腹脂厚度平均)分別為3.85±0.07和4.07±0.06 cm；第十肋腰眼面積分別為34.39±1.31和39.79±1.12㎝2；瘦肉量分別為42.22±1.22和45.16±1.04 ㎏；瘦肉率分別為52.48±0.63和55.10±0.54 %。同場同期台灣藍瑞斯、約克夏與杜洛克品種公豬之瘦肉率則分別為58.42±0.47 (N=42)、57.21±0.51 (N=36)和57.74±0.52% (N=29)；又前述三個品種母豬的瘦肉率分別為58.70±0.36 (N=81)、57.98±0.37 (N=72)和58.15±0.39% (N=62)。試驗結果發現美國盤克夏豬種的瘦肉率顯著地低於台灣藍瑞斯、約克夏與杜洛克品種。

關鍵語：豬、品種、屠體性狀。

CARCASS PERFORMANCE OF BERKSHIRE PIGS IMPORTED FROM USA

Y. Y. Lai, H. L. Chang, M. C. Wu and C. T. Liu

Taiwan Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture

American Berkshire pigs were imported in Taiwan for purebred production in 1996. F1 progeny was used to evaluate the carcass performance. Average carcass weights (containing head, skin, feet, tail and leaf fat) of 30 boars and 50 gilts were 81.6±2.0 and 82.4±1.7㎏, respectively. The rest carcass traits for the males and females were as follows: length measured on the chilled carcass from the fore edge of the first rib to the fore tip of the pubic bone being 77.8±1.1 and 80.8±0.9 cm; skinless backfat thickness (mean thickness measured at first rib, last rib and last lumbar vertebra) being 2.69±0.07 and 2.50±0.06 cm; skinless bellyfat thickness (mean thickness measured at sternum, belly button and groin) being 3.85±0.07 and 4.07±0.06 cm; loin muscle area measured at the tenth rib being 34.39±1.31 and 39.79±1.12㎝2 , carcass lean meat being 42.22±1.22 and 45.16±1.04 ㎏; carcass lean percent being 52.48±0.63 and 55.10±0.54 %. However, when comparisons were made between breeds within herd, the carcass lean percents in Formosa Landrace, Yorkshire and Duroc boars were 58.42±0.47% (N=42), 57.21±0.51% (N=36) and 57.74±0.52% (N=29), respectively. Also, the corresponding trait in gilts were 58.70±0.36 (N=81), 57.98±0.37 (N=72) and 58.15±0.39% (N=62), respectively. Results showed that American Berkshire pigs had a lower carcass lean percent than those of Formosa Landrace, Yorkshire and Duroc breeds.

Key Words: Pig, Breed, Carcass trait.