台灣牛群之瓜胺酸症頻率檢測

黃鈺嘉 林德育 陳若菁 吳松鎮 楊德威 張秀鑾
蕭宗法 劉秀洲 曾青雲 張菊犁 吳明哲

行政院農業委員會畜產試驗所

瓜胺酸症是一種是一種“尿循環”的遺傳缺陷疾病，雙隱性純合型的罹患仔牛在出生後一週內就會死亡。這種“尿循環”的遺傳缺陷無法正常的排氨，剛出生的得病的小牛外觀正常，然而小牛出生後卻因為自己無法自行排毒，因此神經問題會逐步的嚴重，通常仔畜在一週內就會死亡。為了解瓜胺酸症在台灣牛隻之分布情形，本試驗共檢測六個牧場(南部及北部各三場)與來自北部與東部地區參與 DHI計畫的自留小公牛，全部共 1690頭荷蘭乳牛。採集血樣後，進行瓜胺酸症 DNA基因型鑑定。在全部 1690頭荷蘭乳牛中僅檢測出一頭雜合型牛(0.06 %)，顯示此一曾廣汎發生澳洲的荷蘭牛族群遺傳疾病，對本省乳牛影響不大。

關鍵語：台灣、荷蘭牛、瓜胺酸症。

LOW INCIDENCE OF DEFICIENCY OF CITRULLINEMIA
CARRIERS AMONG DAIRY CATTLE OF TAIWAN

Y. C. Huang, D. Y. Lin, J. C. Chen, S. C. Wu, T. W. Yang, H. L. Chang,
T. F. Shiao, H. C. Liu, C. Y. Tseng , C. L. Chang and M. C. Wu

Taiwan Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture

Bovine citrullinemia is an autosomal recessive disorder in Holstein cattle that results in calf mortality. Affected calves are unable to get rid of ammonia and display neurological symptoms that become progressively worse, leading to death within one week of birth. For understanding the defect gene frequency of Taiwan Dairy cattle, a total of 1690 samples, Holstein cows and young bulls from different herds, were sampled and tested for genotypes of citrullinemia. With a mutation-specific assay of leukocyte DNA, one heterozygote cow was detected among all samples tested, corresponding to an incidence of 0.06%. With evidence of less than .1%(1/1690=0.06%) carrier, citrullinemia, a serious genetic defect of Holsteins in Australia, is not a significant genetic disease in Taiwan.

Key Words: Taiwan, Holstein, Citrullinemia.