畜試土雞近親品系與烏骨雞雜交一代生長性狀
鍾秀枝 張秀鑾 吳明哲 黃祥吉
行政院農業委員會產試驗所
台灣土雞為一著名的地方雞種，而烏骨雞則為中國著名的地方雞種之一，其以藥用與觀賞用聞名。本試驗之目的為探討源自台灣土雞之畜試土雞近親品系與烏骨雞雜交一代之生長性狀。利用畜產試驗所育成之畜試土雞近親品系(C)公雞5隻，大陸引進之黑羽(B)與及絲羽(W)烏骨母雞各11與10隻為試驗動物。應用人工授精方式進行雜交試驗，調查雜交後裔F1之生長性狀與腳脛長度。計收集近親品系土雞與黑羽烏骨雞雜交組(CB)種蛋126個，受精率89.7%，孵化率87.6%；近親品系土雞與絲羽烏骨雞(CW)雜交組種蛋101個，受精率80.2%，孵化率82.7%。雜交後裔F1生長性狀結果顯示：CB雞隻達18週齡之公與母雞平均體重分別為1574.7±33.4 (N=43)與1158.5±34.0 (N=42)公克；腳脛長度分別為11.66±0.08與9.68±0.08公分。CW組之相對應性狀則分別為公與母雞平均體重1458.9±49.0 (N=20) 與1113.0±39.2 (N=31)公克；腳脛長度11.20±0.11與9.60±0.09公分。此外，CB組雞隻之18週齡體重與腳脛長度均顯著地較CW者為大(1366.6±23.8 vs. 1285.9±31.4公克；10.67±0.06 vs. 10.40±0.07公分)。
關鍵語：台灣土雞、烏骨雞、生長性狀、腳脛長度。
GROWTH TRAITS OF (TAIWAN NATIVE CHICKEN INBRED
LINES X SILKIER CHICKEN)
H. C. Chung, H. L. Chang, M. C. Wu and H. C. Huang
Taiwan Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture
Taiwan native chicken and Silkier chicken are famous local chicken in Taiwan and Mainland China, respectively. The latter is also famous for it medical usage and known as one of the fancy breeds. The objective of this study was to asses the growth traits of F1, Taiwan native chicken TLRI inbred lines X Silkier chicken. Samples of 5 cocks of Taiwan native chicken TLRI inbred line (C), 11 and 10 hens of black (B) and white (W) Silkier chicken, respectively, were used as sire and dam to produce F1 hybrid progeny via artificial insemination. A total of 126 fertilized eggs from B hens sired by C cocks (CB) were collected and hatched with fertilization rate and hatchability being 89.7% and 87.6%, respectively. The corresponding fertilization rate and hatchability were 80.2% and 82.7% for 101 fertilized eggs from W hens sired by C cocks (CW) contemporaneously. Body weights at 18 weeks of age for male and female in CB hybrid were 1574.7±33.4 (N=43) and 1158.5±34.0 (N=42) gm with 11.66±0.08 and 9.68±0.08 cm in shank length, respectively. There were (1458.9±49.0 gm and 11.20±0.11 cm, N=20) and (1113.0±39.2 gm and 9.60±0.09 cm, N=31) for the male and female birds of CW in corresponding traits. Furthermore, Both weight and shank length at 18 weeks of age in CB hybrids were significantly larger than those in CW hybrids (1366.6±23.8 vs. 1285.9±31.4 gm, P<0.05；10.67±0.06 vs. 10.40±0.07cm, P<0.01).
Key Words: Taiwan native chicken, Silkier chicken, Growth traits, Shank length.