桃園種豬繁殖性狀之觀察

顏念慈 蔡金生 蘇天明 李世昌 張秀鑾

行政院農業委員會畜產試驗所

為瞭解保種場桃園種豬之繁殖特性,應用從1986年3月20日至2001年6月8日之間保種場288頭桃園種母豬分娩之529胎資料,分析其平均分娩總頭數與分娩活頭數,並依據初產日齡在730日以下,且胎距在365日齡以下之條件計算平均初產日齡與平均胎距;其次選取15頭桃園種豬種母豬,進行2-3次發情觀察,計算其平均動情週期;最後由種公豬98頭與種母豬31頭之初生日期與死亡日期,計算其平均繁殖壽命。平均分娩總頭數與平均分娩活頭數 觀察結果顯示,平均分娩總頭數除第一產次為9.3頭外,第二至七產次皆在10頭以上,而各胎次平均分娩活頭數皆在6.7頭以上,第二產次最好為8.1頭。桃園種豬種母豬的平均初產日齡為649.2日,各產次平均胎距介於183至213日之間 。桃園種種母豬之平均動情週期在22.2日(n=25)。桃園種公、母豬之平均繁殖壽命分別為1350.6與1104.2日,雖無顯著差異,但種母豬最長壽之年齡為4492日,而種公豬則為2815日。

關鍵語:桃園種豬、繁殖性狀、觀察

 

INVESTIGATION ON REPRODUCTIVE TRAITS OF TAOYUAN BREED

N. T. Yen, G. S. Tsai, T. M. Su, S. C. Lee, H. L. Chang

Taiwan Livestock Research Institution of COA

For understanding the reproductive characteristics of Taoyuan breed, five hundred twenty-nine litters data farrowed from 288 Taoyuan sows in pig farm of conservation since March 20 of 1986 until June 8 of 2001 were used to analysis average total number of piglets at birth (TNB) and number of piglets born alive (NBA). We calculated the average age of primiparity and farrowing interval between two neighbor litters according to the conditions that the age of primiparity was under 730 days and farrowing interval between two neighbor litters was under 365 days. Then 2-3 estrus cycles of 15 Taoyuan sows were investigated, and the average duration of oestrus cycle was calculated. Finally, the average lifespan of Taoyuan breeding stock was calculated from birthday to the date of death of 98 boars and 31 sows. The results of investigation of TBN and NBA, except primiparity, TBN was 9.3 heads, the other parities (2-7 parities) were above 10 heads. The NBA of all parity were above 6.7 heads, the secondary parity was 8.1 heads and was the best one. The average age of primiparity was 649.2 days, and average farrowing interval between two neighbor litters was from 183 to 213 days. The average duration of oestrus cycle in Taoyuan sow was 22.2 days (n=25). The average lifespan of Taoyuan boar and sow were 1350.6 days and 1104.2 days, respectively. There was no significant difference between boar and sow, but the longest lifespan was 4492 days for sow and 2815 days for boar.

Key Word:Taoyuan pig, Reproductive traits, Investigation