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73.乳牛繁殖基因型對乳量乳質性狀表現之影響

吳明哲(1)、林秀蓮(1)、林德育(1)、張菊犁(1)、李素珍(1)、陳志毅(1)、施意敏(1)、黃英豪(1)、 白啟宏(2)、陳榮泰(3)、丁進來(3)、王忠恕(4)

(1)農業委員會畜產試驗所 (2)晶宇生技公司 (3)中華民國乳業協會 (4)農業委員會畜牧處

台灣耐熱型乳牛選拔標準以DHI泌乳牛群資料庫進行，並應用乳樣DNA進行BLAD、CITL、CVM、DUMPS等四種繁殖基因型檢測。本研究選用2010年4至9月的熱期19,759頭泌乳牛資料，其中有六月次測乳的4,881頭並採用六月次之305-2X-ME乳量平均大於7,500Kg牛隻，計有933頭泌乳牛有繁殖基因型資料。所有933頭牛之CITL均為TC有利繁殖基因型與DUMPS均為TD有利繁殖基因型，而其他二種繁殖基因型(BLAD-CVM)分別為BL-CV (2頭)、BL-TV (22頭)、TL-CV (91頭)、TL-TV (818頭)等四類型，其乳量育種價平均分別為+469、+594、+502、+568 Kg；脂肪量育種價平均分別為-2.8、+16.9、+12.1、+17.9 Kg；脂肪率平均分別為3.068、3.695、3.608、3.704%；蛋白質率平均分別為3.066、3.267、3.255、3.292%；體細胞數平均分別為28.8、37.6、32.7、26.7萬個/mL；體細胞數最少值分別為13.5、5.8、8.0、7.6萬個/mL。結果顯示4至9月熱期產乳牛如為TL-TV有利繁殖基因型之牛隻，具有高乳量與高乳質性能表現。

關鍵語：乳牛、選育、基因

REPRODUCTIVE GENOTYPE INFLUENCE ON PERFORMANCE OF MILK YIELD AND QUALITY IN COW

M. C. Wu(1), H. L. Lin(1), D. Y. Lin(1) , C. L. Chang(1), S. J. Lee(1), J. Y. Chen(1), E. M. Shy(1), H. I. Huang(1), C. H. Bair(2), L. T. Chen(3), J. L. Ding(3) and C. S. Wang(4),

(1)Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan; (2)DR. Chip Biotechnology, Inc.; (3)Dairy Association of ROC; (4)Animal Industry Division, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan

Selection of heat-tolerance milking cow in Taiwan is based upon the database of DHI. Cow milk DNA was used to identify the genotype of four reproductive genes such as BLAD, CITL, CVM and DUMPS. There were 19,759 head of milking cows tested on the period of April to September of 2010. A total of 4,881 head having month milk sampling of six and with a mean of 305-2X-ME milk yield greater than 7,500Kg but only 933 head having genotypes of reproductive gene of BLAD, CITL, CVM and DUMPS. All of 933 cows had favorable genotype of CITL-TC and DUMPS-TD. Cows with BLAD and CVM genotypes were classified into four groups as follows: BL-CV (n=2), BL-TV (n=22), TL-CV (n=91) and TL-TV (n=818). Four groups of BLAD-CVM genotypes had mean breeding value of 305-2X-ME milk yield with +469, +594, +502 and +568 Kg, respectively; mean breeding value of milk fat with -2.8, +16.9, +12.1 and +17.9 Kg; mean percentage of fat content with 3.068, 3.695, 3.608 and 3.704%; mean percentage of protein content with 3.066, 3.267, 3.255 and 3.292%; mean cell count of somatic cells with 28.8, 37.6, 32.7 and 26.7 x10,000 cells/mL; the lowest number of somatic cell counts with 13.5, 5.8, 8.0 and 7.6 x10,000 cells/mL. Results indicated that cows having a favorable genotypes of TL-TV had production performance on higher milk yield and better milk quality during the hot period from April to September.

Key Words: Dairy cattle, Selection, Gene