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49.耐熱型乳牛之繁殖基因型及其乳量乳質性狀表現

林秀蓮(1)、林德育(1)、吳明哲(1)、張菊犁(1)、李素珍(1)、陳志毅(1)、施意敏(1)、黃英豪(1)、曾振興(2)、陳榮泰(3)、丁進來(3)、王忠恕(4)

(1)農業委員會畜產試驗所 (2)晶宇生技公司 (3)中華民國乳業協會 (4)農業委員會畜牧處

台灣耐熱型乳牛選拔標準以DHI泌乳牛群資料庫進行，並應用乳樣DNA進行BLAD、CITL、CVM、DUMPS等四種繁殖基因型檢測。本研究選用2012年4至9月的熱期18,641頭泌乳牛資料，其中有六月次測乳的4,900頭並採用六月次之305-2X-ME乳量平均大於7,500Kg牛隻，計有1,032頭泌乳牛有繁殖基因型資料。所有1,032頭牛之CITL均為TC有利繁殖基因型。DUMPS多為TD有利繁殖基因型，但有2頭是DP雜合型。而其他二種繁殖基因型(BLAD-CVM)分別為BL-CV (1頭)、BL-TV (23頭)、TL-CV (78頭)、TL-TV (928頭)等四類型，其乳量育種價平均分別為+332、+286、+344、+417 Kg；脂肪量育種價平均分別為+6.0、+14.7、+9.9、+14.9 Kg；脂肪率平均分別為3.395、3.883、3.773、3.779%；蛋白質率平均分別為3.504、3.337、3.279、3.280%；乳糖率平均分別為4.686、4.681、4.673、4.748%；體細胞數平均分別為6.1、40.8、33.2、35.3萬個/mL；體細胞數最少值分別為2.4、7.9、5.4、8.8萬個/mL。結果顯示4至9月熱期產乳牛如為TL-TV有利繁殖基因型之牛隻，具有高乳量與高乳質性能表現。

關鍵語：乳牛、選育、基因

REPRODUCTIVE GENOTYPE AND THEIR PERFORMANCE OF MILK YIELD AND QUALITY IN HEAT-TOLERANCE COWS

H. L. Lin(1), D. Y. Lin(1), M. C. Wu(1), C. L. Chang(1), S. J. Lee(1), J. Y. Chen(1), E. M. Shy(1), H. I. Huang(1), T. H. Tzeng(2), L. T. Chen(3), J. L. Ding(3) and C. S. Wang(4),

(1)Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan; (2)DR. Chip Biotechnology, Inc.; (3)Dairy Association of ROC; (4)Animal Industry Division, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan

Selection of heat-tolerance milking cow in Taiwan is based upon the database of DHI. Cow milk DNA was used to identify the genotype of four reproductive genes such as BLAD, CITL, CVM and DUMPS. There were 18,641 head of milking cows tested on the period of April to September of 2012. A total of 4,900 head having month milk sampling of six and with a mean of 305-2X-ME milk yield greater than 7,500Kg but only 1,032 head having genotypes of reproductive gene of BLAD, CITL, CVM and DUMPS. All of 1,032 cows had favorable genotype of CITL-TC and DUMPS-TD except 2 with DUMPS-DP. Cows with BLAD and CVM genotypes were classified into four groups as follows: BL-CV (n=1), BL-TV (n=23), TL-CV (n=78) and TL-TV (n=928). Four groups of BLAD-CVM genotypes had mean breeding value of 305-2X-ME milk yield with +332, +286, +344 and +417 Kg, respectively; mean breeding value of milk fat with +6.0, +14.7, +9.9 and +14.9 Kg; mean percentage of fat content with 3.395, 3.883, 3.773 and 3.779%; mean percentage of protein content with 3.504, 3.337, 3.279 and 3.280%; mean percentage of lactose content with 4.686, 4.681, 4.673 and 4.748%; mean cell count of somatic cells with 26.1, 40.8, 33.2 and 35.3 x10,000 cells/mL; the lowest number of somatic cell counts with 2.4, 7.9, 5.4 and 8.8 x10,000 cells/mL. Results indicated that cows having a favorable genotypes of TL-TV had production performance on higher milk yield and better milk quality during the hot period from April to September.

Key Words: Dairy cattle, Selection, Gene